Kidney Anatomy: A Guide to Its Key Parts and Functions
Cortex:
- The outermost layer of the kidney.
- Contains millions of filtering units called nephrons.
Medulla:
- The innermost region of the kidney.
- Consists of collecting ducts that carry urine from the nephrons to the pelvis.
Pelvis:
- A funnel-shaped cavity within the kidney.
- Collects urine from the collecting ducts.
Ureter:
- A tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
Hilum:
- An indentation on the inner side of the kidney where the renal artery, renal vein, and ureter enter and leave the kidney.
Renal Artery:
- Brings oxygen-rich blood to the kidney.
- Branches into smaller vessels that supply blood to the nephrons.
Renal Vein:
- Carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidney.
Capsule:
- A tough, fibrous layer that surrounds the kidney.
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