Tetralogy of Fallot: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Understanding

The correct answer is Tetralogy of Fallot.

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is a congenital heart defect that consists of four abnormalities:

- Pulmonary valve stenosis (narrowing of the pulmonary valve)

- Ventricular septal defect (hole in the wall between the ventricles)

- Overriding aorta (the aorta, which carries oxygenated blood to the body, is positioned directly above the ventricular septal defect)

- Right ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the right ventricle)

These abnormalities cause the heart to work harder than normal to pump blood through the lungs. This can lead to shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, and sweating. In some cases, TOF can also cause cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin that occurs when there is not enough oxygen in the blood.