IV Fluid Choices for Diabetic and Hypertensive Patients: A Clinical Guide

For diabetic patients:

- 0.9% normal saline: This is the safest option and can be used both in emergent, urgent and elective surgeries where fluids can be estimated. Its however associated with hyponatremia.

Isotonic sodium containing solutions e.g 0.45 saline

Isotonic solution such as Ringers lactate. Avoid 5% dextrose with water (D5W) in any case,

For hypertension cases

Normal saline should be avoided due to sodium overload. Lactated Ringer solution or PlasmaLyte solution should be substituted if needed.

Additionally when both conditions exist in one patient and blood gases show acidosis then it will require a HCO3 containing solutino such has sodium bicarbonate solution.