What is fundal hydrometra?

Fundal hydrometra, or hysterometra, is a condition wherein there is a buildup of fluid in the cavity of the fundus, the upper rounded end of the uterus. This can occur for a variety of reasons, including:

- Obstruction of the cervix: This can be caused by a variety of conditions, such as congenital abnormalities, cervical stenosis, or the presence of a tumor.

- Pelvic inflammatory disease: This can cause inflammation and scarring of the fallopian tubes and uterus, which can lead to obstruction of the cervix.

- Endometriosis: This is a condition wherein endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus. Endometriosis can cause inflammation and scarring of the pelvic organs, which can lead to obstruction of the cervix.

- Asherman's syndrome: This is a condition wherein there is scarring of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus. Asherman's syndrome can cause obstruction of the cervix and lead to fundal hydrometra.

Fundal hydrometra can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

- Pelvic pain

- Irregular menstrual periods

- Heavy menstrual bleeding

- Infertility

- A feeling of fullness or pressure in the abdomen

Fundal hydrometra is diagnosed through a variety of tests, including:

- Pelvic examination: This can reveal a distended uterus.

- Ultrasound: This can show the presence of fluid in the uterus.

- Hysteroscopy: This is a procedure wherein a thin, lighted instrument is inserted into the uterus to visualize the inside of the uterus.

Treatment for fundal hydrometra depends on the underlying cause. Treatment may include:

- Medication to correct hormonal imbalances or reduce inflammation.

- Surgery to remove obstructions or repair damage.

- Assisted reproductive techniques, such as in vitro fertilization, may be necessary for women with infertility caused by fundal hydrometra.