Tooth Nerve (Dental Pulp): Anatomy, Pathology, and Treatment

Dental pulp = neurovascular bundle in tooth center (odontoblasts, nerves, vessels, connective tissue).

Functions

• Sensation (pain, temperature, pressure)
• Dentin formation (reparative/secondary)
• Nutrition/hydration of dentin
• Immune defense

Pathology

• Reversible pulpitis: Transient cold sensitivity; remove stimulus → heals.
• Irreversible pulpitis: Spontaneous, lingering pain; requires root canal.
• Necrosis: Pulp death → abscess, periapical lesion.
• Cracked tooth: Erratic pain on bite release.

Treatment

• Root canal therapy (RCT): remove pulp, disinfect, seal.
• Extraction if unrestorable.

Prevention

• Daily brushing/flossing
• Limit fermentable carbs
• Regular dental exams/cleanings
• Mouthguard for bruxism/trauma risk

Early intervention preserves tooth vitality.