Why is HIV not considered living?

HIV is a retrovirus, which means it is a virus that uses RNA as its genetic material. Because HIV is an obligate intracellular parasite, it must infect a living cell in order to replicate.

Viruses are not considered to be living organisms, because they do not meet the criteria for life. Viruses do not have a cell membrane, cytoplasm, or a nucleus. They do not carry out metabolism, and they cannot reproduce on their own. Instead, they rely on living cells to provide them with the resources they need to replicate.

HIV is certainly a dangerous pathogen that can cause a devastating illness, but it is not considered to be alive.