Condoms: Understanding Protection & Prevention

Condoms are barrier devices used during sexual intercourse to prevent pregnancy and reduce sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Types

Type	Material	Effectiveness (Typical Use)	Notes
Male (External)	Latex, polyurethane, polyisoprene, lambskin	87% pregnancy prevention	Lambskin blocks sperm but NOT viruses (pores).
Female (Internal)	Nitrile (FC2)	79% pregnancy prevention	Worn in vagina; covers vulva; can insert hours before.

Correct Use (Male)

1. Check expiration, wrapper integrity.
2. Pinch tip (reservoir); roll down erect penis.
3. Water-based or silicone lube (NOT oil-based with latex).
4. Hold base during withdrawal; remove before erection lost.
5. Dispose in trash (not toilet).

STI Protection

• Latex/polyisoprene/polyurethane: effective against HIV, gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis.
• Less effective for skin-to-skin STIs: HSV, HPV, syphilis (if lesions outside covered area).
• Lambskin: NOT for STI prevention.

Dual Protection

Condom + hormonal/IUD method = best pregnancy + STI prevention.