Arm Mobility After Mastectomy: Causes of Limitation and Rehabilitation

Common Causes

• Post‑op Swelling/Inflammation
• Scar Tissue/Fibrosis
• Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: Lymphatic disruption, nerve injury (intercostobrachial, long thoracic).
• Muscle Weakness/Atrophy: Disuse, pain inhibition.
• Pain: Surgical, neuropathic.
• Psychological Factors: Anxiety, depression, fear of movement.

Rehabilitation

• Early guided PT/OT (pendulum exercises, wall walks, stretching).
• Scar massage, myofascial release.
• Lymphedema management (compression, manual drainage).
• Gradual strengthening.
• Psychosocial support.