Hysterosalpingography (HSG): Procedure, Uses, and Interpretation

Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is an outpatient fluoroscopic procedure where iodinated contrast is injected through the cervix to visualize the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes.

Key Indications

• Infertility evaluation – assess tubal patency and uterine shape
• Detect uterine anomalies (septum, bicornuate), fibroids, polyps, adhesions
• Confirm tubal occlusion after sterilization

Procedure Notes

• Performed in follicular phase (days 6–10) to avoid pregnancy disruption
• Prophylactic antibiotics (e.g., doxycycline) often given
• May cause cramping; NSAIDs pre-medication helps

HSG is a first-line, minimally invasive test for structural infertility causes.