Artificial Organs: Types, Functions, and Medical Applications
Artificial organs are medical devices that replace, assist, or supplement a damaged, diseased, or missing organ to restore health and quality of life. Common types:
- Artificial Heart: Mechanical device assisting or replacing heart function; used as bridge to transplant or long-term solution.
- Artificial Kidney (Dialysis Machine): Removes waste and excess fluid via hemodialysis (external) or peritoneal dialysis (internal).
- Artificial Liver: Supports liver functions: toxin removal, bile production, clotting regulation.
- Artificial Pancreas: Implantable device that monitors blood glucose and delivers insulin automatically.
- Cochlear Implants: Electronic devices bypassing damaged inner ear to stimulate auditory nerve for severe hearing loss.
- Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD): Monitors heart rhythm and delivers shocks to correct ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation.
Artificial organs undergo rigorous testing for biocompatibility and are typically reserved for advanced organ failure when transplantation isn't feasible.
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