Ohio Wage Garnishment for Medical Bills: Rules & Limits

Ohio Garnishment Law for Medical Debt

Yes, creditors can garnish wages for unpaid medical bills in Ohio after obtaining a court judgment.

Garnishment Limits

• Standard limit: 25% of disposable earnings (gross pay minus legally required deductions).
• Child support/alimony: Up to 50% of disposable earnings.
• Federal minimum wage protection: Weekly income after garnishment cannot fall below 30× federal minimum wage ($217.50/week as of 2024).

Process

1. Creditor sues and wins a judgment.
2. Creditor files a garnishment affidavit with the court.
3. Court issues an order to the employer.
4. Employer withholds the specified amount each pay period and remits to creditor.

Exemptions & Protections

• Public assistance recipients (OWF, SSI, disability) – wages generally exempt.
• Active‑duty military – protections under Servicemembers Civil Relief Act (SCRA).
• Hardship hearing: Debtor can request a reduction if garnishment prevents basic necessities.
• Bankruptcy (Chapter 7 or 13) stops garnishment via automatic stay.

Practical Steps

• Respond to any lawsuit – default judgments enable garnishment.
• Negotiate a payment plan before judgment.
• Consult Ohio Legal Aid or a consumer attorney for personalized advice.

Disclaimer: Laws change; verify current statutes or consult an attorney.