Chordae Tendineae & Blood Clot Prevention: The Role of Endothelial Cells

The chordae tendineae are delicate, fibrous cords that attach the cusps of the heart valves to the papillary muscles. They are covered by a layer of endothelial cells, which helps to prevent blood clotting. Endothelial cells are specialized cells that line the inside of blood vessels and heart chambers. They produce a number of substances that help to keep blood flowing smoothly, including nitric oxide, prostacyclin, and thrombomodulin. Nitric oxide and prostacyclin inhibit platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction, while thrombomodulin activates the protein C anticoagulant pathway. These substances work together to create a slippery, non-thrombogenic surface that prevents blood from clotting on the chordae tendineae.