Sprained Ankle: Causes, Symptoms & Immediate Care

Sprained ankles occur when the ligament attached to a joint is twisted or torn. A sprain can occur from falling or tripping. A sudden blow to the ankle can also cause the injury. Common symptoms are swelling around the joint, pain when using the joint and a popping sound from torn ligaments moving.

Immediately After Injury

• Do not move the ankle. Stabilize the ankle in case there was a further injury such as a broken bone. Do not put weight or pressure on the ankle unless absolutely necessary.

Visit Physician

• Have an x-ray taken of the ankle. A doctor will be able to see if bones have been fractured. An MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) is sometimes required to view torn ligaments.

Classification

• Categorize the sprain -- sprains fall into three different categories. A level I sprain has minor ligament tears and stretching. A level II sprain has additional instability of the joint. Severe torn ligaments and unsteadiness is seen in a level III sprain. A licensed professional will be able to categorize the sprain.

Treatment

• Treating the sprain depends on the severity. A level I sprain may simply need rest, while a level II may require crutches and splints for immobility. The most severe sprains may require a cast and possible surgery. Resting the ankle, applying ice, elevating the foot and supporting the joint are all recommendations for treatment.

Additional Therapy

• Physical therapy is occasionally prescribed. Range of motion and weight bearing can be performed. Flexibility and strengthening of surrounding muscles will also be part of therapy sessions.