What to Know About Dehydration

Dehydration: A critical imbalance in the body's water and electrolyte levels.

Causes of Dehydration:

- Inadequate fluid intake

- Excessive fluid loss (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, excessive sweating)

- Certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, kidney disease)

Symptoms:

- Thirst

- Dry mouth

- Fatigue

- Headache

- Dizziness

- Confusion

- Reduced urine output

- Dark-colored urine

- Muscle cramps

Risks:

- Electrolyte imbalances

- Kidney stones

- Heat-related illnesses (heat exhaustion, heatstroke)

- Seizures

- Coma (severe cases)

Prevention:

- Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day, especially during physical activity or in hot weather.

- Choose water as the primary beverage.

- Limit sugary drinks and alcohol.

- Eat foods rich in water, such as fruits and vegetables.

- Dress appropriately to avoid excessive sweating.

- Take precautions when exercising or working outdoors in hot weather.

Treatment:

- Mild to moderate dehydration: Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) or water.

- Severe dehydration: Intravenous (IV) fluids administered in a healthcare setting.

When to Seek Medical Attention:

- Persistent vomiting or diarrhea

- Severe dehydration symptoms

- Underlying medical conditions that increase dehydration risk

- In infants or older adults