Understanding Beta Blockers: Uses, Side Effects & How They Work

Beta-blockers, short for beta-adrenergic blocking agents, are used to treat, improve or prevent various health conditions. Because of their numerous side effects, physicians usually prescribe beta-blockers only when other medications haven't work effectively.

Uses

• Beta-blockers are often prescribed to patients suffering from high blood pressure, glaucoma, migraines, heart failure and angina. Some beta-blockers effectively treat generalized anxiety disorder.

How They Work

• Beta-blockers block the effects of adrenaline, which causes the heart to beat more slowly and with less force. Beta-blockers also improve blood flow by opening up the blood vessels.

Benefits

• By slowing the frequency of heartbeats, beta-blockers ease the heart's workload and reduce the risk of heart disease.

Risks

• Beta-blockers may trigger severe asthma attacks in asthma patients. Diabetics should be aware that beta-blockers sometimes hide the signs of low blood sugar.

Side Effects

• Common beta-blocker side effects include fatigue, dizziness, weakness and cold hands. Insomnia, depression and shortness of breath are less common side effects.