What is para - hemophilia?

Parahæmophilia, also known as Rosenthal syndrome or factor XI deficiency, is a rare autosomal dominant bleeding disorder caused by deficiency or abnormality of factor XI, a clotting factor essential for blood coagulation. It differs from hemophilia A and B because a deficiency in factor XI does not cause significantly affected joint bleeding. Bleeding symptoms, although usually milder than in hemophilia A or B, can be severe and may include hematoma, prolonged bleeding from cuts or tooth extraction, nosebleeds, and gum bleeding.

Most people with factor XI deficiency do not have any symptoms or only minor bleeding problems, such as nosebleeds or easy bruising. However, some people with factor XI deficiency may have more severe bleeding, such as bleeding into the joints or muscles, or heavy bleeding after surgery or childbirth.

Factor XI deficiency is usually diagnosed with a blood test that measures the levels of factor XI in the blood. Treatment for factor XI deficiency typically involves replacing the missing factor XI clotting protein, either through blood transfusions or with purified factor XI concentrates.