Antihistamines & Decongestants for Colds: Effectiveness & Relief
The common cold is a viral infection (rhinovirus, coronavirus, parainfluenza) causing runny nose, congestion, sore throat, cough, sneezing, fatigue.
Medications
- Antihistamines: Block histamine → reduce inflammation/swelling from allergies/cold.
- Decongestants: Constrict nasal blood vessels → reduce swelling/congestion.
Evidence
- Antihistamines reduce symptom severity (JAMA Internal Medicine).
- Decongestants reduce congestion (Cochrane Review).
Limitations
They relieve symptoms but do not cure the cold. Side effects: drowsiness, headaches, stomach upset. Consult doctor before use.
Additional Tips
- Rest
- Fluids
- Humidifier
- Saltwater gargle
- OTC pain relievers for fever/aches
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