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Measles vs. Rubella: Laboratory Diagnosis with Serology and PCR
Why Testing Is Needed
Clinical presentation overlaps; lab confirmation is essential.
Standard Tests
- Serology (IgM/IgG): ELISA or CLIA on serum.
- Specimens: Acute serum (within 7 days of rash) + convalescent serum (≥10–14 days later); also throat/nasopharyngeal swabs, urine for PCR.
Interpretation
- IgM positive = recent infection.
- IgG rise (4‑fold) between acute/convalescent = confirmed.
- PCR detects viral RNA for rapid diagnosis.
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