Understanding Pap Smears: Why Are They Recommended?

Your health care provider may recommend a Pap smear (or Pap test) for several reasons. These reasons are based on factors that increase the probability of cervical cancer, which Pap smears are designed to detect.

Age

• Many health care providers recommend Pap smears for women ages 18 to 65 years because women in this demographic are most likely to develop cervical cancer.

Sexual Activity and History

• Women who are sexually active, or who have a history of unprotected sexual activity, should have regular Pap smears because cervical cancer has been associated with HPV (human papillomavirus), a sexually transmitted disease that often goes undetected.

Family or Personal History of Cervical Cancer

• Pap smears are recommended for women who have a personal or family history of cervical cancer to detect cancerous or precancerous cells before they become advanced.

HIV Infection

• Women who are infected with HIV should have regular Pap smears because vaginal infections are often more serious for those infected with HIV.

Vaginal or Menstrual Irregularities

• Women who report vaginal or menstrual irregularities to their health care provider are often given a Pap smear as a diagnostic tool.