How the Lungs Remove Carbon Dioxide from the Blood
The lungs eliminate CO₂, a metabolic waste product, via gas exchange:
- Deoxygenated blood carries CO₂ (mostly as bicarbonate) to pulmonary capillaries.
- In the alveoli, CO₂ diffuses from blood into air sacs down a pressure gradient.
- Exhalation expels CO₂; inhalation brings fresh O₂.
- Oxygenated blood then travels to tissues.
This continuous cycle maintains acid-base balance (pH) and supplies oxygen for cellular respiration.
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