Endovaginal Ultrasound (EVUS): Definition, Uses, and Benefits

Definition

Endovaginal ultrasound (EVUS) uses a small transducer inserted into the vagina to obtain high-resolution images of female pelvic organs. It is a safe, reliable diagnostic tool primarily used in obstetrics and gynecology.

Key Aspects

• Transducer: Tampon-sized, sheath-covered, gently inserted.
• Imaging: High-frequency sound waves produce detailed images of uterus, ovaries, cervix, fallopian tubes, and surrounding structures.

Diagnostic Applications

• Early pregnancy evaluation (fetal growth, gestational age, multiples, placenta, anomalies)
• Uterine abnormalities (fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, congenital malformations)
• Ovarian cysts/masses, pelvic pain, infertility assessment
• Guidance for biopsies and oocyte retrieval during fertility treatments

Benefits

• Clearer, more detailed images than transabdominal ultrasound (proximity to organs)
• Early pregnancy detection and assessment
• Evaluation of conditions not visible transabdominally
• Procedural guidance for precision

Procedure & Preparation

1. Empty bladder beforehand for better imaging.
2. Lie comfortably with legs supported.
3. Transducer inserted with water-based gel.
4. Technician captures images; procedure lasts minutes.
5. Generally well-tolerated; slight pressure possible.

Limitations

May not diagnose all conditions; often combined with transabdominal ultrasound, pelvic exams, and lab tests for comprehensive evaluation.