What is a spinal end plate?

A spinal end plate (SEP), also known as the vertebral end plate, or cartilage endplate, is a thin layer of fibrocartilage that separates the vertebral body from the intervertebral disc. The SEP is composed of a dense network of collagen fibers that are arranged in a parallel orientation, and it contains a small number of chondrocytes.

The primary function of the SEP is to provide load-bearing support for the spine and to distribute forces evenly across the intervertebral discs. It also acts as a shock absorber, helping to protect the vertebrae from damage. Additionally, the SEP plays an important role in maintaining the shape and structure of the spine, and it provides a smooth surface for the vertebrae to articulate against each other.

Degeneration of the SEP is a common occurrence with age, and it can lead to a number of spinal problems, including back pain, disc herniation, and spinal stenosis. SEP degeneration can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

- Genetic factors

- Aging

- Obesity

- Smoking

- Repetitive stress

- Trauma

Treatment for SEP degeneration typically involves non-operative measures, such as physical therapy, pain relievers, and spinal injections. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to repair or replace the damaged SEP.