Infectious Mononucleosis Mortality: Extremely Low
Death from infectious mononucleosis (EBV) is exceedingly rare—<1 case per year reported in the U.S. (CDC). Fatalities occur almost exclusively in:
- Severe immunosuppression (post-transplant, HIV/AIDS).
- Massive splenic rupture.
- Airway obstruction from tonsillar hypertrophy.
- Neurologic complications (encephalitis, Guillain-Barré).
- Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).
For immunocompetent individuals, mono is self-limited; supportive care suffices.
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