Melatonin Side Effects: Risks & Considerations - A Comprehensive Guide

According to the National Library of Medicine, melatonin is a hormone produced in the brain from the amino acid tryptophan. Synthetic melatonin is used for a host of medical conditions, especially sleep disorders. Melatonin is available over-the-counter, but there are serious potential side effects.

Considerations

• Melatonin may cause drops in blood pressure, increases in cholesterol levels and abnormal heart rhythms. Patients who are taking blood pressure medication, have high cholesterol or are at risk for heart disease should watch for these potential side effects.

Effects

• According to the Mayo Clinic, common side effects of melatonin include fatigue, dizziness, headaches and irritability. Gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting and cramps, are another common complaint.

Theories/Speculation

• The National Library of Medicine reports theories that melatonin may increase intraocular pressure, leading to a higher risk of glaucoma.

Potential

• Side effects of melatonin can include hormonal changes, including decrease in sperm motility in men.

Warning

• Extreme mood changes have been reported in patients using melatonin. Serious side effects include psychotic behavior, paranoia and hallucinations.