Understanding Basic Food Groups and Their Nutrients

The Food Pyramid is a guide to nutrition published by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The main components of the food pyramid are grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, meat and beans, and oils with each group providing its own nutrients.

Grains

• The main nutrients in grains are carbohydrates, which KidsHealth.org explains are used as fuel for the body. Other nutrients in grains are iron, fiber and B-vitamin complexes, such as niacin, riboflavin, thiamin and folate.

Fruits and Vegetables

• Nutrients found in fruits and vegetables include potassium, fiber, folate and vitamins A, C and E.

Milk

• Milk and dairy products are one of the best sources of calcium. In addition, the milk group contains potassium and Vitamin D.

Meat and Beans

• Meat, poultry, fish, beans, eggs and nuts fall under the category of meats on the food pyramid. Nutrients found in this group include Vitamin E, protein, magnesium, protein, Vitamin B, iron and zinc.

Oils

• When consumed in moderation, oils such as canola, corn, olive, safflower and soybean provide an important source of Vitamin E, as well as polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fats.