Dental Occlusion Assessment: Visual Exam, Diagnostics & Treatment Options

Visual Exam Checklist

• Overbite (>2 mm)
• Underbite (anterior crossbite)
• Posterior crossbite (buccal/lingual)
• Open bite (anterior/posterior)
• Crowding / spacing
• Midline deviation
• Wear facets, fremitus, mobility

Diagnostic Aids

• Study models (digital or stone) – simulate excursions.
• Facebow + articulator – replicate jaw movements.
• CBCT – condylar position, airway, asymmetry.
• T-scan / digital occlusion analysis – force/timing mapping.

Treatment Modalities

• Orthodontics (braces, aligners)
• Equilibration (selective grinding)
• Restorative (crowns, onlays, veneers)
• Orthognathic surgery (skeletal discrepancy)
• Occlusal guard (bruxism protection)

Goal: stable, functional, aesthetic occlusion with healthy TMJs and periodontium.