Second-Degree Sunburn: Symptoms, Treatment, and When to Seek Medical Care

Symptoms

• Redness, swelling, blistering
• Pain, burning, itching
• Fever, headache, nausea, dizziness
• Dehydration
• Sleep disturbance
• Skin discoloration (weeks–months)
• Peeling, possible scarring

Treatment

1. Cool the skin: Cool water/compresses; ice wrapped in cloth (never direct).
2. Pain relief: OTC NSAIDs (ibuprofen) or acetaminophen.
3. Moisturize: Fragrance-free lotion or aloe vera; avoid petroleum (traps heat).
4. Protect: Loose, breathable clothing; avoid sun.
5. Hydrate: Plenty of fluids/electrolytes.
6. Sun avoidance until fully healed; SPF 30+ if outside.

Seek Emergency Care If:

• Fever >101°F (38.3°C)
• Severe pain
• Blisters >2 cm diameter
• Signs of infection (pus, spreading redness)
• Confusion, dizziness, fainting

Healing takes weeks; scarring possible. Prevention: broad-spectrum sunscreen, protective clothing, shade.