What brings air into the lungs?

Diaphragm: The diaphragm, a dome-shaped muscle located beneath the lungs, plays a pivotal role in the process of inhalation. When it contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity (the space occupied by the lungs) and creating a negative pressure within. This pressure gradient facilitates the inflow of air into the lungs, resulting in their expansion.

Intercostal muscles: In addition to the diaphragm, the intercostal muscles located between the ribs also contribute to air inhalation. During inhalation, these muscles contract, pulling the ribs upward and outward. This further expands the thoracic cavity, aiding the diaphragm in creating the necessary negative pressure for air to enter the lungs.