Understanding the Key Components of the Respiratory System

Lungs

* Two large, spongy organs located on either side of the heart

* Responsible for gas exchange, bringing oxygen into the body and expelling carbon dioxide

* Made up of millions of tiny air sacs called alveoli, which are lined with capillaries (tiny blood vessels)

* Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the capillaries, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillaries into the alveoli

Bronchi

* Two large tubes that connect the trachea to the lungs

* Each bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles, which lead to the alveoli

Trachea

* A large tube that connects the larynx to the bronchi

* Lined with cilia, which are tiny hairs that help trap dust, pollen, and other particles from entering the lungs

Larynx

* Also known as the voice box

* Located at the top of the trachea

* Contains the vocal cords, which vibrate to produce sound

Nose

* The external opening of the respiratory system

* Lined with mucous membranes, which help trap dust, pollen, and other particles from entering the lungs

* Also helps to regulate body temperature by warming and humidifying the air that is inhaled

Pharynx

* A muscular tube that connects the nose and mouth to the larynx

* Also helps to move food from the mouth to the esophagus

Epiglottis

* A small flap of tissue that covers the opening to the larynx during swallowing

* Helps to prevent food or drink from entering the lungs