Analgesic Options for Post-Head Injury Pain: Opioids & Considerations
Opioids
- Morphine and fentanyl are commonly used opioids after major surgery and trauma .
- Meperidine (pethidine) has the advantage of fewer active metabolites , but it is associated with more nausea and vomiting.
- Hydromorphone (Dilaudid) can relieve pain at lower doses than morphine.
- Oxycodone is available in combination products , such as Percocet (oxycodone with paracetamol) and Percodan (oxycodone with aspirin).
- Transdermal fentanyl patches are widely used for chronic pain .
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