What are the inspiratory muscles?
1. Diaphragm:- The principal muscle of inspiration.
- Innervated by the phrenic nerves (C3-C5).
- Contracts and flattens, enlarging the thoracic cavity in the vertical dimension.
2. External intercostal muscles:
- Located between the ribs.
- Innervated by the intercostal nerves (T1-T11).
- Contract to pull the ribs upward and outward, increasing the thoracic volume.
3. Accessory muscles of inspiration:
- Used when increased respiratory effort is needed, such as during exercise or respiratory distress.
- Include the sternocleidomastoid, scalenes, and pectoralis minor muscles.
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