Understanding UTIs in Men: Causes, Risk Factors & Prevention

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are always caused by a foreign pathogen, usually bacteria but sometimes viruses or fungi. There are factors that can put men at higher risk of developing a UTI.

Pathogens

• According to Johns Hopkins University, the E. coli bacterium is the most frequent cause of UTIs, and can enter the urinary tract because of a health problem or poor hygiene. Less common UTI pathogens include P. aeruginosa, salmonella, adenovirus and others. Some UTI pathogens, like chlamydia, can be sexually transmitted.

Prostatitis

• Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland, which surrounds the urethra. This can slow the flow of urine and cause infection.

Kidney or Bladder Stones

• Mineral precipitates ("stones") in the kidneys, ureters or bladder can cause UTIs by causing a backup of urine and fostering bacterial growth.

Catheterization

• The insertion of a urinary catheter, usually during surgery or hospitalization, can provide an avenue that allows bacteria to enter the urinary tract from outside.

Anatomical Issues

• Especially with recurrent UTIs, doctors may investigate the possibility of structural abnormalities, such as a passage between the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, which lead to a UTI.

Hygiene

• Poor hygiene, especially when using the restroom, can encourage bacterial growth and UTI.