Role of Nutrition in Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis or TB is a bacterial disease that spreads around organs through inhalation. TB is very contagious and can be caught through the droplets of sputum of an infected person. Nutrition recommendations for TB are based on the condition of the disease as well as other common underlying social conditions.

Types

• More than one type of TB exists. Bacteria that cause TB include, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis or M. africanum. The disease spreads through inhalation of these organisms.

Significance

• TB symptoms relating to nutrition include undernutrition, unintentional weight loss, fatigue and cough. People with TB usually require increased calorie and fluid intakes.

Calories

• High calorie, high-protein foods will help to offset malnutrition in people with TB. These foods include, meats, fats, protein bars and protein shakes.

Fluids

• Hydration is important for any condition. Though no accurate universal recommendation for fluid needs currently exists, consuming 25 milliliters fluid for every kilogram body weight may serve as a starting point.

Pharmocology

• Pulmonary infections are treated with multiple medications. The most commonly prescribed medications include isoniazid and pyridoxine supplements. Isoniazid absorption is decreased with consumption of food. Pyridoxine inhibits vitamin D metabolism. Consult your dietitian or doctor on food medication interactions.