Lassa Fever: Causes, Transmission, and Risk Factors

The Lassa virus causes Lassa Fever. The virus is a single-stranded RNA virus, a member of the Arenaviridae family. It was first discovered in the town of Lassa, Nigeria in 1969. The virus is transmitted to humans through contact with the urine, feces, or saliva of infected rodents, particularly the natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis). These rodents are commonly found in tropical regions of Africa, where the virus is endemic.

Infection with the Lassa virus can be mild, with symptoms such as fever, headache, weakness, and muscle aches. However, in severe cases, the infection can progress to the development of multi-organ failure, including bleeding disorders, kidney failure, and liver failure. The severity of the disease can vary depending on factors such as the individual's immune status and the strain of the virus.