Hypertension in African Americans: Causes, Risk Factors & Management

Hypertension is a health condition that affects the lives of millions of people in the United States. Minorities have a greater risk of developing hypertension; however, African-Americans have the highest risk of developing the condition.

Background

• Hypertension has been a chronic health disorder in the African-American community for years. Doctors have worked to determine why the condition impacts so many African-American people regardless of their weight, lifestyle or overall health.

Salt-Sensitive Gene

• Many African-Americans have a salt-sensitive gene that increases the risk of developing hypertension. The salt-sensitive gene causes the kidneys to retain sodium which causes the blood pressure to rise.

Aldosterone

• Aldosterone is produced by the kidneys in many African-Americans. Aldosterone inhibits the excretion of sodium and water; instead, it aids in the excretion of potassium which causes blood pressure to rise.

Risks

• Due to the high prevalence of hypertension, African-Americans are more likely to have heart disease, stroke, kidney disease and vision problems.

Treatment

• The salt-sensitive gene and aldosterone cannot be treated with exercise and dietary changes alone. The condition requires prescription medication to allow the body to properly regulate blood pressure levels.