HIV and HSV-2: Distinct Viruses, Different Transmission Routes

HIV and HSV-2 are completely different viruses.

• HIV transmits via blood, semen, vaginal/rectal fluids, and breast milk.
• HSV-2 (genital herpes) transmits through skin-to-skin contact with infected mucosa.

Having herpes does not cause HIV. However, genital ulcers from herpes can increase the risk of acquiring HIV during exposure by breaching mucosal barriers.

Understanding these distinctions helps guide prevention and testing strategies.