Hematite: Properties, Uses, and Formation of the Iron-Rich Mineral

Hematite is an iron oxide mineral with the chemical formula Fe2O3. It is the most common iron mineral and is widely distributed in the Earth's crust. Hematite occurs in a variety of forms, including massive, granular, and oolitic. It is also the main component of the pigment known as red ocher.

Hematite is a very hard mineral, with a Mohs hardness of 5.5 to 6.5. It has a metallic luster and a deep red to black color. Hematite is also magnetic and can be attracted to a magnet.

Hematite is formed by the oxidation of iron-rich minerals. It can also be formed by the direct precipitation of iron from water. Hematite is widely used in the steel industry. It is also used as a pigment in paints, dyes, and ceramics.