Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE): Common Side Effects and Recovery

UFE is a minimally invasive procedure where embolic particles block fibroid blood supply. Side effects are common but usually self-limited.

Common Side Effects (Post-Embolization Syndrome)

• Pelvic/abdominal pain: Cramping, 80–90%; peaks day 1, improves over days. Managed with NSAIDs, opioids short-term.
• Nausea/vomiting: 30–50%; from contrast, ischemia, opioids. Antiemetics given prophylactically.
• Low-grade fever: 20–30%; inflammatory response.
• Fatigue, malaise: 1–2 weeks.
• Vaginal discharge: Fibroid sloughing (weeks).

Less Common but Notable

• Salivation/flushing: Transient, from contrast or embolization particles; resolves in hours.
• Urinary frequency/retention: Bladder irritation.
• Ovarian failure (rare): <2% if near menopause; non-target embolization.
• Infection/abscess: <1%; requires antibiotics/drainage.
• Vascular injury: Rare.

Recovery Timeline

• Same-day or overnight discharge.
• Return to light activity: 3–7 days.
• Full recovery: 1–2 weeks.
• Symptom improvement (bleeding, bulk): 3–6 months.

When to Call Your Doctor

• Fever >101°F (38.3°C) after 24h
• Uncontrolled pain
• Heavy vaginal bleeding
• Foul discharge
• Leg swelling, shortness of breath