What is the medical term meaning any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on retina?

The medical term for any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina is ametropia. This condition includes myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. Ametropia can be caused by a variety of factors, including the shape of the eye, the curvature of the cornea, and the length of the eyeball.