Understanding Abdominal Pain in Children with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) occurs when insufficient levels of insulin in the body cause high levels of ketones to build up. Common developments include dehydration, nausea and abdominal pain. Untreated DKA sometimes results in coma or death.

Nausea

• Nausea and vomiting occur as DKA develops. The frequency and force of vomiting contribute to abdominal pain, as well as dehydration. Most DKA patients, especially children, experience abdominal pain. However, abdominal pain may also indicate other conditions, such as appendicitis.

Test for Ketones

• To determine if a high level of ketones exists, perform a urine test by dipping a ketone test stick into a urine sample. The test pad or regent area on the stick changes color to reflect the amount of ketones present in the urine. High levels of ketones indicate the possibility of DKA.

Test Blood Glucose Levels

• Perform a finger stick to determine the blood sugar level. Results of 250 and above often, but not always, indicate the possibility of DKA. Once DKA develops, home treatment with extra insulin injections is ineffective. Hospitalization for intravenous fluids, insulin and other medications is required.