Understanding Bone Diseases & Syndromes: Causes, Symptoms & Treatments

Bones serve to protect the body's internal organs from damage. Bone diseases and syndromes may result from genetics, cancer or malnutrition. Once a bone disease or syndrome has been diagnosed, treatments may range from exercise to surgery.

Osteomalacia

• Osteomalacia is the softening of the bones, which may be caused by a vitamin D deficiency. Treatment options include increasing vitamin D levels and adding calcium to the diet.

Klippel-Feil Syndrome

• Klippel-Feil syndrome is the spinal fusion of two of the 7 neck (cervical) vertebrae. Treatment may include physical therapy and surgery to relieve spinal pressure.

Avascular Necrosis

• Avascular necrosis results when bones lose blood supply, which results in bone weakness and arthritis. Early treatments includes physical therapy, while late treatments include surgery.

Osteoporosis

• Osteoporosis happens when bone tissue decreases and increases the risk of fractures. Treatment options may include medications, exercise and nutrition.

Paget's Disease of Bone

• Paget's disease of bone occurs when the bones become larger and weaker. Treatment includes prescription drugs called bisphosphonates and surgery.