What is an antinuclear antibody test used to evaluate?

The antinuclear antibody test (ANA) is used to evaluate the immune system for specific antibodies that are directed against components of the cell nucleus. An abnormal ANA result may indicate the presence of an autoimmune condition such as lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE), Sjogren's syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid diseases, or other underlying medical conditions. The ANA test does not provide a definitive diagnosis but rather serves as an initial screening tool to help detect the presence of autoantibodies, further supporting the diagnosis and management of autoimmune disorders.