| | Cancer | Radiation Therapy
X-Rays: Properties, Production, Penetration, Risks, and Applications
Properties
- Electromagnetic radiation (like light/radio) but shorter wavelength = higher penetration
- Produced by sudden deceleration of high-energy electrons striking an anode in an X-ray tube
- Penetration depends on material density: bone/metal absorb more; soft tissue/air absorb less
- Ionizing radiation—damages DNA → mutation/cancer risk → use only when justified, minimize exposure
Applications
- Medical imaging: Bones, lungs, teeth
- Dental: Teeth, jawbone
- Industrial: Weld inspection, crack detection
- Security: Baggage/person screening
Safety Principle
ALARA: As Low As Reasonably Achievable exposure. Justification, optimization, dose limits.
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