Are the X-rays and gamma rays transverse?

Yes, X-rays and gamma rays are both transverse waves. This means that their oscillations occur perpendicular to the direction of their propagation.

In other words, the electric and magnetic fields of X-rays and gamma rays vibrate in directions perpendicular to the direction in which the waves are traveling. This is in contrast to longitudinal waves, such as sound waves, in which the oscillations occur in the same direction as the wave propagation.

The transverse nature of X-rays and gamma rays is a fundamental property of electromagnetic waves. It is a consequence of the fact that electromagnetic waves are composed of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which are always perpendicular to each other.