Pancreatitis Triggered by Infections: Viral, Bacterial, Parasitic, and Fungal Causes

What Is Pancreatitis?

Inflammation of the pancreas—acute or chronic—causing severe abdominal pain and potentially life-threatening complications.

Infectious Triggers

• Viral: Mumps, Coxsackie B, hepatitis B
• Bacterial: Salmonella, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae
• Parasitic: Malaria, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis
• Fungal: Candida, Aspergillus

Warning Signs

• Sudden severe upper abdominal pain
• Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
• Fever, abdominal swelling, tenderness
• Rapid heartbeat, low BP, jaundice
• Confusion, dry mouth, excessive thirst

Treatment

• IV fluids for hydration
• Analgesics
• Antibiotics/antivirals/antifungals per cause
• Surgical drainage or debridement if needed
• Parenteral nutrition if oral intake impossible

Prognosis

Severe pancreatitis has high mortality if untreated. Early diagnosis and addressing the root cause are essential.