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Pancreatic Acini: Structure, Function, and Digestive Enzyme Production
Pancreatic acini are clusters of acinar cells that synthesize, store, and secrete digestive enzymes. Key points:
- Enzymes produced: Amylase (carbohydrates), lipase (fats), proteases (trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen) for proteins.
- Zymogen granules: Enzymes stored as inactive precursors (zymogens) to prevent autodigestion.
- Secretion regulation: CCK (released by fat/protein in duodenum) and secretin (released by acidic chyme) stimulate acinar secretion and ductal bicarbonate output.
- Bicarbonate: Neutralizes gastric acid, creating optimal pH for enzyme activity.
Disorders: acute pancreatitis (premature zymogen activation), pancreatic insufficiency (cystic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis).
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