Common Sites of Carcinoma: Epithelial Cancers by Organ System

Carcinomas are malignant neoplasms arising from epithelial cells. They account for 80–90% of all cancers.

Top 10 Carcinoma Sites (US Incidence)

Other Notable Sites

Stomach (gastric adenocarcinoma), Liver (HCC), Ovary (serous), Cervix (squamous/adenocarcinoma – HPV-driven), Head & neck (oral, laryngeal, oropharyngeal – HPV+ rising).

Diagnostic Principle

Biopsy → histology (glandular/squamous differentiation) + immunohistochemistry (cytokeratins, organ-specific markers) → staging (TNM) → molecular profiling for targeted therapy.

Other Cancers - Related Articles

Site	Subtypes	Key Risk Factors
Breast	Ductal, lobular	Female sex, age, BRCA, hormones, density
Lung	Adenocarcinoma, squamous, small cell	Smoking, radon, asbestos
Prostate	Acinar adenocarcinoma	Age, race, family history
Colorectal	Adenocarcinoma (polyp→cancer)	Age, polyps, IBD, diet, Lynch syndrome
Skin (non-melanoma)	Basal cell, squamous cell	UV exposure, fair skin
Uterus (endometrial)	Endometrioid	Obesity, unopposed estrogen, Lynch
Kidney (RCC)	Clear cell, papillary	Smoking, obesity, hypertension, VHL
Thyroid	Papillary, follicular	Radiation, iodine, RET mutations
Bladder	Urothelial (transitional cell)	Smoking, aromatic amines, cyclophosphamide
Pancreas	Ductal adenocarcinoma	Smoking, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, BRCA