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Cheilosis (Angular Cheilitis): Causes, Treatment, and Prevention
Cheilosis (angular cheilitis) = inflammatory cracking, redness, soreness at the mouth corners.
Common Causes
- Nutritional deficiencies: Iron, zinc, B vitamins (B2 riboflavin, B3 niacin, B6, B12, folate)
- Dehydration
- Environmental: Cold, dry, windy weather
- Infection: Candida (yeast), Staphylococcus aureus, or mixed
- Mechanical: Ill-fitting dentures, deep nasolabial folds, lip licking
- Systemic: Diabetes, IBD, immunosuppression
Treatment
- Correct deficiencies (diet/supplements)
- Hydrate adequately
- Topical antifungals (nystatin, clotrimazole) ± mild steroid if inflammatory
- Antibacterials if bacterial superinfection
- Barrier ointment (petrolatum, lanolin)
- Address dental/orthodontic factors
Prevention
- Balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains
- Sufficient water intake
- Lip balm with SPF in harsh weather
- Treat underlying conditions
- Avoid chronic lip licking
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