Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV): Symptoms, Transmission, and Treatment

Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (serovars L1–L3). It is distinct from trachoma and genital chlamydia.

Transmission

Sexual contact with infected fluids; also via contaminated objects. Most common in tropical/subtropical regions but occurs globally.

Symptoms

• Small, painless genital/rectal/oral ulcers
• Swollen lymph nodes (groin, armpits)
• Fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Complications (if untreated)

• Sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis, osteomyelitis, blindness

Diagnosis & Treatment

Clinical evaluation, blood tests, cultures. Treated with antibiotics (doxycycline or erythromycin) for ≥21 days. Surgery sometimes needed for lymph node drainage.

Prevention

Safe sex practices: condoms, avoiding contact with symptomatic partners.