Understanding Abnormal Bone Marrow Signals: Causes & Conditions
Abnormal Bone Marrow Signal on MRI: Differential Diagnosis
| Category | Conditions |
|---|---|
| Infections | Osteomyelitis, TB of bone |
| Hematologic Malignancies | Leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma |
| Anemias | Aplastic anemia, pernicious anemia (B12 deficiency) |
| Marrow Infiltration | Metastatic cancer, storage diseases (Gaucher, Niemann‑Pick) |
| Myelodysplastic Syndromes | Dysplastic hematopoiesis, pre‑leukemic |
| Bone Necrosis | Avascular necrosis (AVN) |
| Marrow Edema | Non‑traumatic bone marrow edema syndrome |
| Post‑Transplant | Graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD) |
Signal alteration (T1 hypointensity, T2 hyperintensity) reflects replacement of normal fat by water, cells, or fibrosis. Clinical correlation and further workup (labs, biopsy) are essential.
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